CHANCA PIEDRA EXTRACT 4:1 (PHYLLANTUS NIRURI)(WHOLE HERB)

Chanca Piedra, scientifically known as Phyllanthus niruri, is a small, herbaceous plant indigenous to the Amazon rainforest and other tropical regions globally, including parts of Asia and Africa. Revered in traditional medicine systems like Ayurveda and Unani, its common name, "stone breaker" (Chanca Piedra in Spanish), reflects its historical use in supporting kidney and gallbladder health. This 4:1 extract signifies a potent concentration, where four parts of the raw whole herb are concentrated into one part of the final extract, ensuring a higher level of its naturally occurring bioactive compounds. The whole herb is utilized to capture the full spectrum of its phytochemicals, which are believed to act synergistically to provide its diverse therapeutic effects. This botanical's rich ethnobotanical history underscores its long-standing recognition for promoting overall urinary tract and hepatobiliary wellness. Its presence in various traditional pharmacopoeias highlights its significance as a natural health agent.

Chanca Piedra's broad array of health benefits stems from its complex phytochemistry, featuring key bioactive compounds such as lignans (e.g., phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin), flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, rutin), tannins, alkaloids, and triterpenes. Scientific research points to its primary mechanism in kidney health through its ability to modulate calcium oxalate crystallization, a crucial step in kidney stone formation. Studies, including those published in *Urological Research*, suggest P. niruri may inhibit crystal aggregation and growth, and potentially relax the urinary tract, aiding in stone passage. Beyond nephroprotective actions, the herb demonstrates significant hepatoprotective properties. Lignans like phyllanthin, for instance, have been shown in *in vitro* and *in vivo* studies to protect liver cells from oxidative damage and support crucial detoxification pathways. Furthermore, its natural diuretic effects contribute to maintaining healthy fluid balance and supporting the body's natural detoxification processes.

The Chanca Piedra 4:1 whole herb extract is a highly versatile ingredient for supplement formulations, particularly those aimed at supporting kidney, liver, and urinary tract health. It is commonly incorporated into capsules, tablets, and powdered beverage mixes, offering a concentrated dose of its beneficial compounds. Ensuring the quality of this extract involves verifying the precise botanical identification (Phyllanthus niruri) and adhering to rigorous manufacturing standards to guarantee purity and potency. While specific standardization to individual compounds is still an evolving area, the 4:1 ratio provides a consistent concentration. Emerging scientific literature continues to explore its potential, with studies investigating its broader applications, such as its reported anti-inflammatory, antiviral (e.g., against hepatitis B virus replication), and antidiabetic effects, although further human clinical trials are warranted. A comprehensive review in the *Journal of Ethnopharmacology* affirms its traditional uses and highlights the growing pharmacological evidence supporting its nephroprotective and hepatoprotective actions, solidifying its role as a valuable botanical ingredient.