CAYENNE PEPPER POWDER (FRUIT)

Cayenne pepper powder is derived from the dried fruit of *Capsicum annuum*, a member of the nightshade family (Solanaceae). This vibrant red spice has a long history of use in both culinary traditions and traditional medicine across various cultures, including Native American, Ayurvedic, and Traditional Chinese Medicine. Its characteristic pungent heat is primarily attributed to a group of active compounds known as capsaicinoids. The powder form offers a concentrated and convenient way to incorporate the beneficial properties of cayenne. Quality cayenne pepper powder is typically standardized for its pungency, often measured in Scoville Heat Units (SHU), ensuring consistency in both flavor and bioactive content. The drying and grinding processes are critical to preserve the volatile compounds and prevent degradation, maintaining the integrity of its phytonutrient profile. This ingredient is valued not just for its culinary zest but increasingly for its diverse physiological effects.

The primary bioactive compound in cayenne pepper, capsaicin, is extensively studied for its various health benefits. Research indicates that capsaicin interacts with transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptors, which are involved in pain perception and thermoregulation. This interaction is believed to contribute to its analgesic properties, as demonstrated in studies on topical capsaicin for neuropathic pain. Furthermore, cayenne has been shown to support metabolic health; a meta-analysis published in *Appetite* indicated that capsaicinoids can increase energy expenditure and promote fat oxidation, potentially aiding in weight management. Beyond capsaicin, cayenne pepper also contains other phytonutrients like carotenoids (e.g., beta-carotene, capsanthin), flavonoids, and vitamins C and A, which contribute to its antioxidant capacity. These compounds collectively help combat oxidative stress and support cellular health, offering a multi-faceted approach to wellness.

In supplement formulations, cayenne pepper powder is frequently incorporated into products targeting weight management, metabolic support, and cardiovascular health. It is commonly found in capsules, tablets, and even functional food blends due to its thermogenic properties. For instance, studies have explored its potential to improve postprandial glucose and insulin responses, suggesting a role in blood sugar regulation. When formulating with cayenne, purity and potency are paramount; sourcing from reputable suppliers who provide certificates of analysis for capsaicinoid content and absence of contaminants is crucial. Research published in journals like *Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology* highlights the dose-dependent effects of capsaicin, emphasizing the importance of accurate standardization. Its traditional use as a circulatory stimulant is now supported by modern research suggesting its potential to improve microcirculation and support overall cardiovascular function, making it a valuable ingredient in targeted health supplements.